Caucasian hackberry
Celtis caucasica Willd.
Celtis caucasica, known as the Caucasian hackberry, is a species in the Cannabaceae family. Native to the Caucasus, Central Asia, and the western Himalaya, it is hardy to USDA zone 5b. This tree is adaptable to poor soils, drought, and urban conditions, making it suitable for use as a street tree. It forms a symbiotic relationship with the mycorrhizal fungi Funneliformis mosseae and Rhizophagus intraradices, aiding in nitrogen fixation.
Description
Celtis caucasica is a flowering plant in the Cannabaceae family, occurring in regions such as Ukraine, Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, the North Caucasus, Pakistan, Tajikistan, the Transcaucasus, Turkey, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. It is hardy to USDA zone 5b and can thrive in poor soils, drought conditions, and near paving. Its ability to form symbiotic relationships with mycorrhizal fungi makes it a nitrogen-fixer, supporting soil fertility. This species is suitable for urban planting and is often used as a street tree due to its resilience.
Other common names
Caucasian hackberryCaucasian nettletree
Distribution
Ukraine · Global · Afghanistan · Iran · Iraq · Kazakhstan · Kirgizstan · North Caucasus · Pakistan · Tadzhikistan · Transcaucasus · Turkey · Turkmenistan · Uzbekistan · West Himalaya
Synonyms
Celtis arcataCeltis australis subsp. caucasicaCeltis caucasica var. caudataCeltis caucasica subsp. caudataCeltis inglisiiCeltis tupalangiCeltis caucasica var. tupalangiCeltis caucasica var. cuspidata